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"Yes, and you can actually over-convert, which nobody mentions. The two real reasons people do conversion ladders in early retirement are access, since converted amounts come out penalty-free after five years and that's how people bridge to 59½, and bracket-filling in the gap years when income is artificially low. If your Roth balances and taxable accounts already cover the bridge, the first reason doesn't apply to you at all, and the second only matters if your traditional balance is large enough that future RMDs would push you into a higher bracket than you're in now. On a modest traditional balance, that may simply never happen. Three arguments do survive a small balance though. IRMAA, because Medicare premiums are income-tested on a two-year lookback and conversions done before 63 never touch it. The widow's penalty, if you're married, since the survivor files single on roughly the same income with far narrower brackets, and that's a real risk regardless of balance size. And heirs, because a non-spouse beneficiary has to drain an inherited traditional IRA within ten years, which lands during their peak earning years at their marginal rate, whereas an inherited Roth comes out clean. If you've got kids likely to be high earners, that's often the strongest case. The other side, and it's the part that answers your actual question: a traditional balance is genuinely useful. It fills your standard deduction at zero tax every single year, it's the ideal source for qualified charitable distributions after 70½, and it's the right thing to leave to charity. Converting everything means prepaying tax on money that could have come out at 0%. So the answer isn't a principle, it's arithmetic. Project your RMDs at 73 or 75 against your expected bracket, and convert only what's needed to keep them from spilling into a higher one."

"There are costs that you have, whether you're making product or not. There are costs that you have that are only associated with making product. Understand what those are. Do you keep an up-to-date list of all your costs that go into your product? So just because you buy something at $1 one time, the next time it might be at $0.90, the next time it might be at $1.20. So like, are you tracking that so that you understand kind of what your average cost is over time? And maybe then you can start to understand how to stabilize that over time if you're tracking those things. Do you understand where there are price breaks in quantities? It's a good one."

"Yeah, let me go back. Sorry. Yeah. The second to last paragraph. While our QuickBooks integration is fine for standard FP&A, we built something more powerful, a complete in-house General Ledger GL. I'm not sure if I understand the bold part. Is QuickBooks an FP&A system?"

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